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cholera is an infectious sickness that causes dread(a) uriney diarrhea, which shtup make to dehydration and even death if untreated. It is caused by eating nourishment or alcoholism water polluted with a bacteria called vibrion cholerae. Cholera was prevalent in the U. S. in the 1800s before modern water and sewer treatment systems eliminated its spread by contaminated water. Only about 10 cases of cholera ar reported all(prenominal) year in the U. S. and half of these are acquired abroad. Rarely, contaminated seafood has caused cholera outbreaks in the U. S.However, cholera outbreaks are still a salutary problem in other move of the world, where cholera affects an estimated 3 to 5 superstar million million people and causes more than 100,000 deaths each year. The affection is intimately common in places with misfortunate sanitation, crowding, war, and famine. Common locations include parts of Africa, southwest Asia, and Latin America. If you are traveling to one o f those areas, knowing the following cholera facts empennage help protect you and your family. Cholera Causes Vibrio cholerae, the bacterium that causes cholera, is usually found in food or water contaminated by feces from a someone with the infection.Common sources include Municipal water supplies drinking glass made from municipal water Foods and drinks exchange by street vendors Vegetables grown with water containing human wastes Raw or undercooked weight and seafood caught in waters polluted with sewage When a person consumes the contaminated food or water, the bacteria release a toxin in the intestines that produces severe diarrhea. It is not apt(predicate) you will catch cholera exactly from casual contact with an infected person. Cholera Symptoms Symptoms of cholera buns begin as soon as a hardly a(prenominal) hours or as long as five days after infection. often symptoms are mild.But sometimes they are real serious. About one in 20 people infected gestate severe w atery diarrhea accompanied by vomiting, which brush off readily course to dehydration. Although many another(prenominal) infected people may have minimal or no symptoms, they can still contribute to spread of the infection. Signs and symptoms of dehydration include Rapid heart ordain Loss of skin elasticity (the magnate to return to original position quickly if pinched) Dry mucous membranes, including the inside of the mouth, throat, nose, and eyelids petty(a) blood pressure Thirst tendon cramps If not treated, dehydration can lead to shock and death in a matter of hours.Yellow febricity is caused by a computer computer virus. The yellow fever virus is a single-stranded RNA virus that belongs to the Flavivirus genus. afterwards communetal of the virus occurs, it replicates in regional lymph nodes and subsequently spreads via the bloodstream. This widespread dissemination can affect the bone marrow, spleen, lymph nodes, kidneys, and liver, in add-on to other organs. Tiss ue damage to the liver, for example, can lead to jaundice and disrupt the bodys blood-clotting mechanism, star to the hemorrhagic complications sometimes seen with yellow fever.Yellow fever is transmitted to populace by the bit of infected mosquitoes. Various species of Aedes and Haemagogus mosquitoes distribute as vectors and are responsible for the transmission system to human and nonhuman primates, which serve as reservoirs for the disease. Three transmission cycles for yellow fever have been identified. Sylvatic (jungle) cycle In tropic fall forests, infected monkeys pass the virus to mosquitoes that feed on them. These infected mosquitoes because bite humans who enter the rain forest for occupational (for example, loggers) or amateurish activities.Intermediate (savannah) cycle In humid or semi-humid regions of Africa, mosquitoes that breed around households and in the terrific (semi-domestic mosquitoes) infect both humans and monkeys. The virus can be transmitted from monkeys to humans, or from human to human by the mosquitoes. This is the most common type of outbreak in Africa. Urban cycle When infected humans introduce the virus into urban areas with great numbers of unvaccinated individuals, infected mosquitoes (Aedes aegypti) transmit the disease from human to human. This form of transmission can lead to large epidemics.